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EU Consumer Rights Directive — withdrawal, order-button and inertia-selling rules

SupranationalEURead off primary law

European Union and wider EEA

Rule id
subscription.eu-crd
Version
1.0.0
In force from
June 13, 2014
Last read against its sources
August 5, 2026
Countries bound
30 countries

In plain language

What this regime says.

EU law gives 14 days to withdraw from any distance subscription for no reason, extended to 12 months and 14 days where the trader did not tell you about that right. Separately, if the order button did not say "order with obligation to pay" or something equally unambiguous, Article 8(2) means you were never bound by the contract at all.

Who is covered

Consumers in the EEA who concluded the contract at a distance or off-premises. It applies wherever the trader is, provided it directs its activity at your Member State.

What you get

Reimbursement of everything paid, within 14 days, by the same payment method — with no deduction for the service already supplied where the trader failed to inform you properly. Where Article 8(2) was breached, the contract does not bind you at all.

Where claims go wrong

  • Accepting that the 14 days has run out. Check whether the trader ever gave the Article 6(1)(h) information; if not, you have 12 months and 14 days.
  • Accepting a pro-rated refund when Article 14(4)(a) entitles you to all of it.
  • Not screenshotting the order button. Article 8(2) is the strongest point and the evidence disappears when the trader redesigns the page.
  • Using the trader's cancellation flow when any unequivocal statement will do.
The official claim route

Authority

Every citation,
with its pinpoint.

A claim that cites “EU law” gets filed. A claim that cites Article 7(1)(c) gets answered. These are the exact coordinates this entry rests on.
  1. Directive 2011/83/EU (Consumer Rights Directive)Directive 2011/83/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on consumer rights
  2. Consumer Rights Directive, Article 8(2)Directive 2011/83/EUArt. 8(2) — the trader must label the order button with the words "order with obligation to pay" or a corresponding unambiguous formulation; if it does not, the consumer "shall not be bound by the contract or order"
  3. Consumer Rights Directive, Article 9Directive 2011/83/EUArt. 9(1) — 14 days to withdraw from a distance or off-premises contract without giving any reason and without incurring any cost; Art. 9(2) — the period runs from conclusion for services and from physical possession for goods
  4. Consumer Rights Directive, Article 10Directive 2011/83/EUArt. 10(1) — where the trader has not provided the Art. 6(1)(h) information on the right of withdrawal, the withdrawal period expires 12 months after the end of the initial 14-day period
  5. Consumer Rights Directive, Article 14(4)Directive 2011/83/EUArt. 14(4)(a) — the consumer bears no cost for services performed during the withdrawal period where the trader failed to give the Art. 6(1)(h) or (j) information, or where the consumer did not expressly request performance to begin; Art. 14(4)(b) for digital content
  6. Consumer Rights Directive, Article 27Directive 2011/83/EUArt. 27 — inertia selling: the consumer is exempted from any obligation to provide consideration for unsolicited supply, and the absence of a response does not constitute consent
  7. Consumer Rights Directive, Article 24 (as amended by Directive (EU) 2019/2161)Directive 2011/83/EU as amended by the Modernisation DirectiveArt. 24(3)-(4) — for widespread infringements, the maximum fine must be at least 4% of the trader's annual turnover in the Member State(s) concerned, or at least EUR 2 million where turnover information is unavailable
  8. Directive (EU) 2019/770 (Digital Content Directive)Directive (EU) 2019/770 on contracts for the supply of digital content and digital servicesArts. 6-8 — conformity requirements for digital content and services, including continuous supply over a period; Art. 14 — remedies, including termination and reimbursement

Sources

Where a figure is indexed, converted or published by a regulator rather than fixed in the instrument, the provenance is recorded separately. Anything marked as a modelled estimate is exactly that — a model, not a statutory number.

What it imposes

Clocks, defences and the ladder.

A rule module builds these while it evaluates, because a limitation period depends on which forum is open to you. What follows is the structure this regime produces — deliberately with no dates and no figures, because those belong to your facts rather than to the law.

The clocks it starts

  • Ordinary withdrawal period (14 days)Article 9(1) gives 14 days to withdraw from a distance or off-premises contract without giving any reason and without incurring any cost. For a service or digital subscription the period runs from the conclusion of the contract; for goods, from the day you or a nominated third party took physical possession.Consumer Rights Directive, Article 9 — Art. 9(1) — 14 days to withdraw from a distance or off-premises contract without giving any reason and without incurring any cost; Art. 9(2) — the period runs from conclusion for services and from physical possession for goodsNotice period
  • Extended withdrawal period where you were not told (12 months + 14 days)Fatal if missedArticle 10(1): where the trader did not give the information on the right of withdrawal required by Article 6(1)(h), the withdrawal period expires 12 months after the end of the initial 14-day period. In a subscription trap the trader almost never gave that information properly, so this — not the 14 days — is usually your real deadline. If the trader supplies the information during those 12 months, Article 10(2) restarts a fresh 14 days from the day you receive it.Consumer Rights Directive, Article 10 — Art. 10(1) — where the trader has not provided the Art. 6(1)(h) information on the right of withdrawal, the withdrawal period expires 12 months after the end of the initial 14-day periodLimitation period
  • Trader must reimburse (14 days)Article 13(1): reimbursement without undue delay and in any event not later than 14 days from the day the trader is informed of the withdrawal, using the same means of payment the consumer used, and at no fee. (Period: 14 days. We need the start date to work out your exact deadline.)Consumer Rights Directive, Article 9 — Art. 9(1) — 14 days to withdraw from a distance or off-premises contract without giving any reason and without incurring any cost; Art. 9(2) — the period runs from conclusion for services and from physical possession for goodsResponse due
  • National limitation period for the contractual claimVaries by jurisdictionLimitation is national law and varies widely — three years in Germany and France, five in Spain and Poland, six in Ireland. Three years is a safe planning assumption; check your own before concluding a claim is out of time.Limitation period

What it entitles you to, beyond money

  • Withdraw by any unequivocal statementYou do not have to use the trader's form, its app, or its retention flow. Article 11(1) allows the model withdrawal form or any other unequivocal statement. Send an email, keep it, and treat the contract as ended from that date.Art. 9(1) — 14 days to withdraw from a distance or off-premises contract without giving any reason and without incurring any cost; Art. 9(2) — the period runs from conclusion for services and from physical possession for goods
  • No charge for what was already supplied, where you were not toldArticle 14(4)(a) provides that the consumer bears no cost for services performed during the withdrawal period where the trader did not give the Article 6(1)(h) or (j) information, or where the consumer never expressly requested performance to begin. Traders reflexively offer a pro-rated refund; where this applies, the correct figure is all of it.Art. 14(4)(a) — the consumer bears no cost for services performed during the withdrawal period where the trader failed to give the Art. 6(1)(h) or (j) information, or where the consumer did not expressly request performance to begin; Art. 14(4)(b) for digital content
  • Where the order button was wrong, you were never boundArticle 8(2) — the consequence of a non-compliant ordering process is that the consumer is not bound by the contract or order. That is a stronger position than withdrawal, because it does not depend on any deadline.Art. 8(2) — the trader must label the order button with the words "order with obligation to pay" or a corresponding unambiguous formulation; if it does not, the consumer "shall not be bound by the contract or order"
  • No obligation to pay for anything you did not orderArticle 27 exempts the consumer from any obligation to provide consideration for unsolicited supply, and provides that the absence of a response does not constitute consent. Where an extra product or tier was added to your subscription without a positive act by you, nothing is owed for it.Art. 27 — inertia selling: the consumer is exempted from any obligation to provide consideration for unsolicited supply, and the absence of a response does not constitute consent

What the other side will say

Each of these is a refusal this regime lets a counterparty attempt, paired with the answer to it. Reading them before you write is worth more than any amount of polish on the letter itself.

"Your 14 days expired long ago"

high likelihood

The trader counts 14 days from sign-up and refuses.

What answers it

Article 10(1) extends the period by 12 months where the trader did not give the Article 6(1)(h) information on the right of withdrawal — how to exercise it, the model form, the deadline. Ask the trader to produce the exact text it says it gave you and when. If it cannot, you have 12 months and 14 days, and Article 10(2) restarts a fresh 14 days from the day it finally tells you.

Consumer Rights Directive, Article 10 — Art. 10(1) — where the trader has not provided the Art. 6(1)(h) information on the right of withdrawal, the withdrawal period expires 12 months after the end of the initial 14-day period

"You started using the service, so you lost the right to withdraw"

high likelihood

The trader relies on Article 16(m) for digital content or Article 16(a) for completed services.

What answers it

Those exceptions are conditional and traders routinely fail the conditions. For digital content not supplied on a tangible medium, Article 16(m) requires performance to have begun with the consumer's prior express consent AND their acknowledgment that the right of withdrawal is thereby lost AND the trader to have provided confirmation under Article 8(7). For services, Article 16(a) requires full performance begun with prior express consent and acknowledgment. A continuing subscription is by definition not fully performed. Ask which condition the trader says was met and when.

Consumer Rights Directive, Article 9 — Art. 9(1) — 14 days to withdraw from a distance or off-premises contract without giving any reason and without incurring any cost; Art. 9(2) — the period runs from conclusion for services and from physical possession for goods

"We will refund the unused portion only"

high likelihood

The trader offers a pro-rated refund for the period after cancellation.

What answers it

Article 14(4)(a) provides that the consumer bears no cost for services supplied during the withdrawal period where the trader failed to give the Article 6(1)(h) or (j) information or where the consumer did not expressly request performance to begin. Where either applies, the correct reimbursement is the whole of what was paid.

Consumer Rights Directive, Article 14(4) — Art. 14(4)(a) — the consumer bears no cost for services performed during the withdrawal period where the trader failed to give the Art. 6(1)(h) or (j) information, or where the consumer did not expressly request performance to begin; Art. 14(4)(b) for digital content

"You agreed to our terms, which say renewals are non-refundable"

high likelihood

The trader relies on its own contract terms.

What answers it

Article 25 makes any contractual term waiving or restricting the rights derived from the Directive not binding on the consumer, and the Unfair Contract Terms Directive 93/13/EEC independently strikes down terms that create a significant imbalance to the consumer's detriment. A non-refundability clause cannot displace Article 9.

Directive 2011/83/EU (Consumer Rights Directive)

Where to take it next

  1. Written withdrawal and reimbursement demandSend an unequivocal statement of withdrawal, cite Article 13(1) for the 14-day reimbursement deadline, and — if the order button did not state the payment obligation — say that you rely on Article 8(2) and were never bound. Attach the screenshot.Claim directtypically 14 days
  2. Card or direct-debit dispute for the chargesCharges taken after withdrawal are unauthorised. Under PSD2 the provider must refund an unauthorised transaction by the end of the next business day, and a SEPA Core Direct Debit can be reclaimed without giving a reason for eight weeks.Claim directtypically 5 days
  3. European Consumer Centre (ECC-Net) for a cross-border traderIf the trader is established in a different EEA state from where you live, your national European Consumer Centre will take the case up with the trader through its counterpart. It is free, it is run by the Commission and national governments, and it has real leverage with established traders.Alternative dispute resolutiontypically 90 daysofficial page
  4. National alternative dispute resolution bodyDirective 2013/11/EU requires Member States to provide ADR entities covering consumer contract disputes. Where the trader has committed to one — many have — the outcome may bind it.Alternative dispute resolutiontypically 90 days
  5. National consumer protection authorityEvery Member State designates an authority under the Consumer Protection Cooperation Regulation (EU) 2017/2394. Since the Modernisation Directive, penalties for widespread infringements must reach at least 4% of the trader's turnover in the Member States concerned, or EUR 2 million where turnover is unknown — which is why coordinated complaints about subscription traps get results.Regulatortypically 120 days
  6. European Small Claims Procedure or the national courtRegulation (EC) No 861/2007 provides a written, form-based procedure for cross-border claims up to EUR 5,000, with a judgment enforceable throughout the Union and no need for a lawyer. Domestic small-claims routes are usually cheaper again.Small claimstypically 150 days

Documents

What this regime can produce.

Every one of these is a document you send yourself, in your own name. Duesday never writes to anybody on your behalf and is never anyone’s agent.

The same claim type elsewhere

Norway — Angrerettloven right of withdrawalNONationalNorwayLov om opplysningsplikt og angrerett (angrerettloven), LOV-2014-06-20-27Confidence: highRussia — Consumer Rights Protection Law arts. 26.1 and 32RUNationalRussiaЗакон РФ от 07.02.1992 № 2300-1 «О защите прав потребителей», ст. 32Confidence: mediumSwitzerland — Code of Obligations right of revocation (and the online gap)CHNationalSwitzerlandSwiss Code of Obligations, arts. 40a–40fConfidence: mediumTürkiye — Law 6502 distance contracts and the Subscription Contracts RegulationTRNationalTürkiyeTüketicinin Korunması Hakkında Kanun No. 6502, arts. 48 and 52Confidence: mediumUK Consumer Contracts Regulations 2013 (and the not-yet-commenced DMCCA subscription regime)GBNationalUnited KingdomConsumer Contracts (Information, Cancellation and Additional Charges) Regulations 2013 (SI 2013/3134)Confidence: highCalifornia Automatic Renewal Law (Bus. & Prof. Code §§ 17600-17606, as amended by AB 2863)US-CASub-nationalUnited StatesCalifornia Business and Professions Code §§ 17600-17606Confidence: highCanada — provincial consumer protection acts and the federal Competition ActCANationalCanadaLoi sur la protection du consommateur, RLRQ c. P-40.1 (Quebec)Confidence: mediumUnited States — state automatic-renewal statutes (excluding California)USSTATESSub-nationalUnited StatesState automatic-renewal statutes (multi-state)Confidence: medium

Other rights in the same countries

Austria — ÖBB FahrgastrechteATNationalAustriaRegulation (EU) 2021/782 as applied in AustriaConfidence: lowAustria — rental deposit (Allgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (ABGB) § 16b, and the Mietrechtsgesetz (MRG))ATNationalAustriaAllgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (ABGB) § 16b, and the Mietrechtsgesetz (MRG)Confidence: lowBelgium — action en réparation collective (Code de droit économique, Book XVII)BENationalBelgiumCode de droit économique / Wetboek van economisch recht, Livre XVII, Titre 2 (arts. XVII.35 et seq.)Confidence: lowBelgium — rental deposit (Regional housing codes: Vlaams Woninghuurdecreet, Décret wallon relatif au bail d’habitation, Code bruxellois du Logement)BENationalBelgiumRegional housing codes: Vlaams Woninghuurdecreet, Décret wallon relatif au bail d’habitation, Code bruxellois du LogementConfidence: lowBelgium — SNCB/NMBS compensation for delays and for repeated delays on season ticketsBENationalBelgiumRegulation (EU) 2021/782 as applied in BelgiumConfidence: lowBulgaria — rental deposit (Закон за задълженията и договорите (Obligations and Contracts Act), наем)BGNationalBulgariaЗакон за задълженията и договорите (Obligations and Contracts Act), наемConfidence: lowCroatia — rental deposit (Zakon o najmu stanova and the Zakon o obveznim odnosima)HRNationalCroatiaZakon o najmu stanova and the Zakon o obveznim odnosimaConfidence: lowCyprus — rental deposit (Rent Control Law of 1983 (23/1983) for controlled tenancies, and the general law of contract)CYNationalCyprusRent Control Law of 1983 (23/1983) for controlled tenancies, and the general law of contractConfidence: low

Does this one reach your facts?

The engine runs every regime that could apply at once and reconciles them, rather than making you guess which page to read.

Not a law firm. Not legal advice. You send it yourself. This page describes a law; it is not advice about your situation and no outcome is promised.