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Coverage

Rental deposit

South Africa — rental deposit (Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999, s. 5)

NationalZARead off primary law

South Africa

Rule id
deposit.za
Version
1.0.0
In force from
August 1, 2000
Last read against its sources
August 5, 2026
Countries bound
South Africa

In plain language

What this regime says.

A South African landlord must invest the deposit in an interest-bearing account, pay the tenant the interest, inspect jointly before occupation and again at the end of the lease, and refund within seven, fourteen or twenty-one days depending on which of those inspections happened. A landlord who does not inspect with the tenant present at the end is deemed to have acknowledged the property was in good repair and has no further claim.

Who is covered

Tenants of a dwelling let for residential purposes in South Africa.

What you get

The deposit back within the applicable statutory window, plus the interest it earned, decided free of charge by the provincial Rental Housing Tribunal if the landlord refuses.

Where claims go wrong

  • Not asking for the interest. It is a statutory entitlement and it is nearly always forgotten.
  • Skipping the joint exit inspection when the landlord does not arrange one — their failure is worth more to you than your attendance would have been, so record that you were available and they did not come.
  • Going to court when the Rental Housing Tribunal is free and binds like a Magistrate’s Court order.
  • Letting the three-year prescription period run while emailing the agent.
The official claim route

Authority

Every citation,
with its pinpoint.

A claim that cites “EU law” gets filed. A claim that cites Article 7(1)(c) gets answered. These are the exact coordinates this entry rests on.
  1. Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999, s. 5(3)Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999URL verified 2026-08-05s. 5(3) — deposit to be invested in an interest-bearing account; joint inspection before occupation and at expiration; refund within 7, 14 or 21 days according to the facts
  2. Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999, s. 13Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999URL verified 2026-08-05s. 13 (Rental Housing Tribunal — hearings, rulings, effect of a ruling)
  3. Prescription Act 68 of 1969, s. 11(d)Prescription Act 68 of 1969URL verified 2026-08-05s. 11(d) — three years for any debt other than those in ss. 11(a)–(c)

Sources

Where a figure is indexed, converted or published by a regulator rather than fixed in the instrument, the provenance is recorded separately. Anything marked as a modelled estimate is exactly that — a model, not a statutory number.

What it imposes

Clocks, defences and the ladder.

A rule module builds these while it evaluates, because a limitation period depends on which forum is open to you. What follows is the structure this regime produces — deliberately with no dates and no figures, because those belong to your facts rather than to the law.

The clocks it starts

  • Landlord’s 7-day deadline to refund the depositWhere no amount is owing by the tenant, the deposit together with the accrued interest must be refunded within seven days of the expiration of the lease. The landlord has claimed no deduction here, so this is the window that applies.Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999, s. 5(3) — s. 5(3) — deposit to be invested in an interest-bearing account; joint inspection before occupation and at expiration; refund within 7, 14 or 21 days according to the factsResponse due
  • Three-year prescription period (Prescription Act 68 of 1969)Fatal if missedA claim for the deposit is a debt and prescribes three years after it becomes due. We have measured from the end of your lease. Prescription is interrupted by service of process and in certain other circumstances, but do not rely on that — the Tribunal route is quick and free, so there is no reason to be near the line.Prescription Act 68 of 1969, s. 11(d) — s. 11(d) — three years for any debt other than those in ss. 11(a)–(c)Limitation period

What it entitles you to, beyond money

  • A free, binding determination by the Rental Housing TribunalYou are entitled to have this decided by the provincial Tribunal rather than left to the landlord. It costs you nothing and its ruling is enforced as an order of the Magistrate’s Court.s. 13 (Rental Housing Tribunal — hearings, rulings, effect of a ruling)
  • Written proof of the interest earnedSection 5(3) entitles you to written proof, on written request, of the interest the deposit earned. Ask for it explicitly: it either produces the interest or produces an admission that the account was never opened.s. 5(3) — deposit to be invested in an interest-bearing account; joint inspection before occupation and at expiration; refund within 7, 14 or 21 days according to the facts

What the other side will say

Each of these is a refusal this regime lets a counterparty attempt, paired with the answer to it. Reading them before you write is worth more than any amount of polish on the letter itself.

"We found the damage after you left"

high likelihood

The landlord never inspected the property with the tenant present at the end of the lease, then produced a list of damage and deducted for it.

What answers it

Section 5(3) requires a joint inspection at the expiration of the lease, and provides that a landlord who fails to inspect in the presence of the tenant is DEEMED to have acknowledged that the dwelling is in a good and proper state of repair, with no further claim against the tenant. That is not a presumption to be argued about — it is a deemed acknowledgement, and it disposes of the deductions without anyone looking at a photograph. Put it in the first line of your letter and take it to the Rental Housing Tribunal if they persist.

Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999, s. 5(3) — s. 5(3) — deposit to be invested in an interest-bearing account; joint inspection before occupation and at expiration; refund within 7, 14 or 21 days according to the facts

"There is no interest — we just kept it in the business account"

high likelihood

The landlord or agent concedes the deposit was never in a separate interest-bearing account and treats that as the end of the interest question.

What answers it

Section 5(3) obliges the landlord to invest the deposit in an interest-bearing account with a financial institution at a rate not less than that applicable to a savings account, and entitles the tenant to written proof of the interest on written request. A landlord who did not open the account still owes the interest — the obligation was theirs, and their failure to perform it is not a defence to it. Make the written request for proof; the request itself often produces the payment.

Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999, s. 5(3) — s. 5(3) — deposit to be invested in an interest-bearing account; joint inspection before occupation and at expiration; refund within 7, 14 or 21 days according to the facts

"We have always held deposits ourselves"

high likelihood

The landlord confirms the deposit sat in their own account, or in the agent’s, and treats that as normal practice rather than a breach.

What answers it

Where the statute says the money must be held somewhere specific — a blocked account in your name, a separate interest-bearing account, a savings book, a public deposit body — holding it anywhere else is a breach in its own right, not a matter of custom. It also means the interest the statute gives you was never earned, which the landlord must make good. Ask for the account details and the interest calculation in the same letter as the refund demand.

"We are still working out the costs"

high likelihood

The landlord holds the whole deposit indefinitely while quotes, invoices or utility bills are said to be pending.

What answers it

The statutory return period exists precisely so the landlord can obtain quotes and final bills inside it. It does not restart because they left it late, and it does not licence holding the whole deposit against one unquantified item. Ask them to return everything not genuinely in issue now, and to quantify the rest by a stated date.

"The property needed cleaning and redecorating"

high likelihood

The landlord charges for cleaning, carpet wear, scuffed paint or tired fittings and treats the deposit as a refurbishment fund.

What answers it

Fair wear and tear from ordinary use is not a recoverable loss in any of the regimes this product covers — a deduction must reflect damage or a breach beyond ordinary use, must be evidenced, and must be reduced for the age and remaining life of the item. Ask for the invoice, the check-in and check-out evidence, and the calculation.

"Prove you did not cause it"

high likelihood

The landlord asserts damage and expects the tenant to disprove it, often without a check-in inventory.

What answers it

It is the party seeking to keep the money who must justify keeping it. Where there is no dated check-in record to compare against, an adjudicator has nothing to measure the alleged damage from, and the deduction generally fails on that ground alone.

Where to take it next

  1. Written demand to the landlord or managing agentSet out the deposit, the date the lease ended, the applicable s. 5(3) window and its expiry date, and require written proof of the interest earned. Ten working days is a reasonable deadline. Keep the delivery record.Claim directtypically 14 days
  2. Complain to the provincial Rental Housing TribunalBinding on themEvery province has a Rental Housing Tribunal. It is free to the complainant, it is designed for people without lawyers, and it is the right forum for a deposit dispute — an unfair practice complaint about a deposit is squarely within its jurisdiction. Lodging costs you nothing and the Tribunal can order the deposit and the interest paid.Alternative dispute resolutiontypically 90 days
  3. Magistrate’s Court (or the Small Claims Court)Binding on themA Tribunal ruling has the effect of an order of a Magistrate’s Court and is enforced there. Where you prefer to go straight to court, the Small Claims Court hears modest claims without lawyers and at nominal cost; check its current monetary ceiling before filing.Courttypically 120 days

Documents

What this regime can produce.

Every one of these is a document you send yourself, in your own name. Duesday never writes to anybody on your behalf and is never anyone’s agent.

The same claim type elsewhere

Albania — rental deposit (Kodi Civil (Civil Code), qiraja)ALNationalAlbaniaKodi Civil (Civil Code), qirajaConfidence: lowAustria — rental deposit (Allgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (ABGB) § 16b, and the Mietrechtsgesetz (MRG))ATNationalAustriaAllgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (ABGB) § 16b, and the Mietrechtsgesetz (MRG)Confidence: lowBelgium — rental deposit (Regional housing codes: Vlaams Woninghuurdecreet, Décret wallon relatif au bail d’habitation, Code bruxellois du Logement)BENationalBelgiumRegional housing codes: Vlaams Woninghuurdecreet, Décret wallon relatif au bail d’habitation, Code bruxellois du LogementConfidence: lowBosnia and Herzegovina — rental deposit (The law of obligations of the relevant entity (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina or Republika Srpska) and the applicable housing legislation)BANationalBosnia & HerzegovinaThe law of obligations of the relevant entity (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina or Republika Srpska) and the applicable housing legislationConfidence: lowBulgaria — rental deposit (Закон за задълженията и договорите (Obligations and Contracts Act), наем)BGNationalBulgariaЗакон за задълженията и договорите (Obligations and Contracts Act), наемConfidence: lowCroatia — rental deposit (Zakon o najmu stanova and the Zakon o obveznim odnosima)HRNationalCroatiaZakon o najmu stanova and the Zakon o obveznim odnosimaConfidence: lowCyprus — rental deposit (Rent Control Law of 1983 (23/1983) for controlled tenancies, and the general law of contract)CYNationalCyprusRent Control Law of 1983 (23/1983) for controlled tenancies, and the general law of contractConfidence: lowCzechia — jistota / kauce (Občanský zákoník § 2254)CZNationalCzechiaObčanský zákoník (89/2012 Sb.), § 2254Confidence: high

Other rights in the same countries

South Africa — class actions under s.38(c) of the Constitution and the common lawZANationalSouth AfricaConstitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, s.38(c)Confidence: lowSouth Africa — Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 applied to air carriageZANationalSouth AfricaConsumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 (South Africa), ss. 17, 19 and 54Confidence: mediumSouth Africa — Consumer Protection Act ss. 14 and 16ZANationalSouth AfricaConsumer Protection Act 68 of 2008, s. 14Confidence: highSouth Africa — National Credit Act and the National Financial Ombud SchemeZANationalSouth AfricaNational Credit Act 34 of 2005Confidence: mediumSouth Africa — PRASA / Shosholoza Meyl passenger conditions and the Consumer Protection ActZANationalSouth AfricaConsumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 and the PRASA conditions of carriageConfidence: lowSouth Africa — prescribed minimum benefits and the Council for Medical SchemesZANationalSouth AfricaMedical Schemes Act 131 of 1998 and the Regulations made under itConfidence: lowSouth Africa — South African Post OfficeZANationalSouth AfricaPostal Services Act 124 of 1998 and the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008Confidence: lowSouth Africa — unclaimed retirement benefits and the Guardian's FundZANationalSouth AfricaPension Funds Act 24 of 1956Confidence: medium

Does this one reach your facts?

The engine runs every regime that could apply at once and reconciles them, rather than making you guess which page to read.

Not a law firm. Not legal advice. You send it yourself. This page describes a law; it is not advice about your situation and no outcome is promised.