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Coverage

Rental deposit

Montana security deposit return — Mont. Code Ann. § 70-25-202

Sub-nationalUS-MTRead off primary law

Montana

Rule id
deposit.us-mt
Version
1.0.0
In force from
October 1, 2007
Last read against its sources
August 5, 2026
Countries bound
United States

In plain language

What this regime says.

Montana gives a landlord 30 days to deal with a security deposit after the tenancy ends. A written itemised statement of deductions is mandatory. Missing the deadline does not multiply the award here, but it does strip the landlord of the right to keep anything and exposes the landlord to your attorney's fees.

Who is covered

Residential tenants in Montana whose landlord has kept some or all of a security deposit.

What you get

The wrongfully withheld part of your deposit, plus your reasonable attorney's fees.

Where claims go wrong

  • Waiting. The limitation period runs from the day the deadline was missed, not from the day you noticed.
  • Accepting a partial payment marked "full and final settlement" without reserving your rights in writing.

Authority

Every citation,
with its pinpoint.

A claim that cites “EU law” gets filed. A claim that cites Article 7(1)(c) gets answered. These are the exact coordinates this entry rests on.
  1. Mont. Code Ann. § 70-25-202Montana Code Annotated, tit. 70, ch. 25 (Residential Tenants Security Deposits)URL verified 2026-08-05§ 70-25-202
  2. Mont. Code Ann. § 70-25-203Montana Code AnnotatedURL verified 2026-08-05§ 70-25-203 — forfeiture for failing to provide the list
  3. Mont. Code Ann. § 70-25-204Montana Code AnnotatedURL verified 2026-08-05§ 70-25-204 — damages, burden of proof, ripeness

Sources

Where a figure is indexed, converted or published by a regulator rather than fixed in the instrument, the provenance is recorded separately. Anything marked as a modelled estimate is exactly that — a model, not a statutory number.

  • US small-claims jurisdictional limits and filing feesState judiciary self-help and court-administration pagesretrieved 2026-08-05

What it imposes

Clocks, defences and the ladder.

A rule module builds these while it evaluates, because a limitation period depends on which forum is open to you. What follows is the structure this regime produces — deliberately with no dates and no figures, because those belong to your facts rather than to the law.

The clocks it starts

  • Landlord's deadline to account for the depositMont. Code Ann. § 70-25-202 gives the landlord 30 days from 2026-07-09 to return the deposit and account for any deductions.Mont. Code Ann. § 70-25-202 — § 70-25-202Response due
  • Montana limitation period for a deposit claimFatal if missedSix years on a written contract under MCA § 27-2-202(1); five on an oral one. The commonly cited eight years is wrong. The clock runs from 2026-08-08, the day the landlord's own deadline expired.Mont. Code Ann. § 27-2-202 — § 27-2-202(1)Limitation period

What the other side will say

Each of these is a refusal this regime lets a counterparty attempt, paired with the answer to it. Reading them before you write is worth more than any amount of polish on the letter itself.

The landlord charges you for ordinary wear and tear

high likelihood

The landlord bills you for repainting, carpet cleaning, or "making good" the unit, treating ordinary deterioration as damage.

What answers it

Montana does not allow a deposit to be applied to normal wear and tear. Montana regulates cleaning charges directly rather than through a wear-and-tear formula. § 70-25-201(3)(a): a cleaning charge may not be applied to routine cyclical maintenance unless the tenant's negligence forced the landlord to do it, and written notice of deficient cleaning must come first. § 70-25-201(4): "A person may not deduct or withhold from the security deposit any amount for purposes other than those set forth in this section." Ask the landlord to identify, item by item, what exceeds that standard, and to produce the move-in condition record that shows the item was not already worn when you took possession.

Mont. Code Ann. § 70-25-202 — § 70-25-202

"The carpet/paint had to be replaced"

high likelihood

The landlord charges the full cost of a new carpet, new paint or a new appliance against your deposit.

What answers it

A tenant is not liable for the full replacement cost of an item that was already part-way through its useful life. The recoverable figure is the depreciated value of the remaining life, not a new-for-old replacement. Ask for the installation date and the invoice; carpet is conventionally depreciated over five to ten years and interior paint over two to four. A landlord who cannot date the item cannot prove the loss, and in a deposit case the landlord carries the burden.

Mont. Code Ann. § 70-25-202 — § 70-25-202

"We never received a forwarding address"

high likelihood

The landlord says it could not return the deposit because it did not know where to send it.

What answers it

Montana does not condition the landlord's duty on receiving a forwarding address, so this is no answer at all. The landlord had a duty to account regardless, and could have sent the statement to the last known address.

Mont. Code Ann. § 70-25-202 — § 70-25-202

"We sent you the itemisation"

high likelihood

The landlord asserts it posted the itemised statement inside the statutory window and that you simply did not receive it.

What answers it

Ask for proof of despatch, not proof of intention: the certificate of mailing, the certified-mail receipt, the tracking number, or the timestamped email. Most deposit statutes require the statement to be sent within the period, and the landlord bears the burden of showing it did so. An unevidenced assertion that a letter was posted is not evidence that it was.

Mont. Code Ann. § 70-25-202 — § 70-25-202

"We had to have the unit professionally cleaned"

high likelihood

A flat "cleaning fee" is deducted whether or not the unit was left dirty.

What answers it

A standing cleaning charge applied to every tenant is not a loss caused by you and is not a permitted deduction. The landlord must show the unit was left less clean than it was at move-in and must produce the invoice for the work actually done. Compare the move-in and move-out condition records; where the landlord did not make a move-in record, it has little with which to prove the difference.

Mont. Code Ann. § 70-25-202 — § 70-25-202

A cleaning charge with no chance to fix it

high likelihood

The landlord bills you for cleaning without ever telling you the unit was not clean enough.

What answers it

§ 70-25-201(3)(b) gives you 24 hours after written notice of deficient cleaning to do the work yourself, and a notice sent by certified mail is deemed delivered three days after mailing. A landlord that deducted a cleaning charge without giving you that notice and that window has taken money it was not entitled to, however dirty the unit was.

Mont. Code Ann. § 70-25-202 — § 70-25-202

"You broke the lease, so we keep the deposit"

medium likelihood

The landlord treats an early departure as forfeiting the deposit outright.

What answers it

A deposit is security for actual loss, not a penalty. Breaking a lease may make you liable for rent until the unit is re-let, but the landlord must mitigate, must itemise what it actually lost, and must still account for the deposit within the statutory period. A blanket forfeiture clause does not survive: deposit statutes are generally non-waivable, so a lease term purporting to let the landlord keep the money regardless is unenforceable.

Mont. Code Ann. § 70-25-202 — § 70-25-202

Where to take it next

  1. Written demand to the landlordSend a dated letter that quotes Mont. Code Ann. § 70-25-202, states the date the statutory clock started and the date it expired, sets out the sum claimed, and gives a deadline of 14 days. Send it by a method that produces proof of despatch. Most deposits come back at this stage, because the letter shows the landlord you know the deadline it missed.Claim directtypically 14 days
  2. Montana Department of Justice — Office of Consumer ProtectionTakes complaints and publishes the Montana landlord-tenant guidance. Justice Court awards the money.Regulatortypically 60 daysofficial page
  3. Montana Small Claims Court (Justice Court)Binding on themThe claim limit is USD 7,000. MCA § 25-35-502 caps small claims at USD 7,000 exclusive of costs. Bring the lease, the deposit receipt, your move-in and move-out photographs, the forwarding-address proof and your demand letter.Small claimstypically 90 daysofficial page

Documents

What this regime can produce.

Every one of these is a document you send yourself, in your own name. Duesday never writes to anybody on your behalf and is never anyone’s agent.

The same claim type elsewhere

Albania — rental deposit (Kodi Civil (Civil Code), qiraja)ALNationalAlbaniaKodi Civil (Civil Code), qirajaConfidence: lowAustria — rental deposit (Allgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (ABGB) § 16b, and the Mietrechtsgesetz (MRG))ATNationalAustriaAllgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (ABGB) § 16b, and the Mietrechtsgesetz (MRG)Confidence: lowBelgium — rental deposit (Regional housing codes: Vlaams Woninghuurdecreet, Décret wallon relatif au bail d’habitation, Code bruxellois du Logement)BENationalBelgiumRegional housing codes: Vlaams Woninghuurdecreet, Décret wallon relatif au bail d’habitation, Code bruxellois du LogementConfidence: lowBosnia and Herzegovina — rental deposit (The law of obligations of the relevant entity (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina or Republika Srpska) and the applicable housing legislation)BANationalBosnia & HerzegovinaThe law of obligations of the relevant entity (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina or Republika Srpska) and the applicable housing legislationConfidence: lowBulgaria — rental deposit (Закон за задълженията и договорите (Obligations and Contracts Act), наем)BGNationalBulgariaЗакон за задълженията и договорите (Obligations and Contracts Act), наемConfidence: lowCroatia — rental deposit (Zakon o najmu stanova and the Zakon o obveznim odnosima)HRNationalCroatiaZakon o najmu stanova and the Zakon o obveznim odnosimaConfidence: lowCyprus — rental deposit (Rent Control Law of 1983 (23/1983) for controlled tenancies, and the general law of contract)CYNationalCyprusRent Control Law of 1983 (23/1983) for controlled tenancies, and the general law of contractConfidence: lowCzechia — jistota / kauce (Občanský zákoník § 2254)CZNationalCzechiaObčanský zákoník (89/2012 Sb.), § 2254Confidence: high

Other rights in the same countries

Does this one reach your facts?

The engine runs every regime that could apply at once and reconciles them, rather than making you guess which page to read.

Not a law firm. Not legal advice. You send it yourself. This page describes a law; it is not advice about your situation and no outcome is promised.