Skip to content
Coverage

Rental deposit

Lagos State, Nigeria — advance rent and tenancy deposits (Tenancy Law 2011, s. 4)

Sub-nationalNG-LADerived or secondary source

Lagos State, Nigeria

Rule id
deposit.ng-la
Version
1.0.0
In force from
August 24, 2011
Last read against its sources
August 5, 2026
Countries bound
Nigeria

In plain language

What this regime says.

The Lagos State Tenancy Law 2011 makes it an offence to demand more than six months’ rent in advance from a sitting monthly tenant or one year from a yearly tenant, but it does not regulate the caution deposit, which is purely contractual. The Law does not apply in Apapa, Ikeja GRA, Ikoyi or Victoria Island.

Who is covered

Tenants of residential premises in Lagos State outside the excluded premium districts. Other Nigerian States have their own tenancy legislation.

What you get

Return of the caution deposit on the terms of the tenancy agreement, plus a criminal-law argument about an excessive advance-rent demand from a sitting tenant.

Where claims go wrong

  • Not checking the excluded areas. If the property is in Ikoyi or Victoria Island the Law does not apply.
  • Paying agency, legal and caution fees as one undifferentiated sum with no breakdown.
  • Expecting a statutory deposit protection scheme. Nigeria has none.

Authority

Every citation,
with its pinpoint.

A claim that cites “EU law” gets filed. A claim that cites Article 7(1)(c) gets answered. These are the exact coordinates this entry rests on.
  1. Tenancy Law 2011 (Lagos State), s. 4Tenancy Law No. 14 of 2011, Laws of Lagos State of Nigerias. 4 (unlawful for a landlord to demand or receive from a sitting tenant more than six months’ rent from a monthly tenant or one year’s rent from a yearly tenant)

Sources

Where a figure is indexed, converted or published by a regulator rather than fixed in the instrument, the provenance is recorded separately. Anything marked as a modelled estimate is exactly that — a model, not a statutory number.

What it imposes

Clocks, defences and the ladder.

A rule module builds these while it evaluates, because a limitation period depends on which forum is open to you. What follows is the structure this regime produces — deliberately with no dates and no figures, because those belong to your facts rather than to the law.

What it entitles you to, beyond money

  • An itemised, receipted accountAsk for receipts and dated photographs, not a round figure. Where the agreement is silent about what the deposit secures, an unevidenced deduction is very hard to defend.

What the other side will say

Each of these is a refusal this regime lets a counterparty attempt, paired with the answer to it. Reading them before you write is worth more than any amount of polish on the letter itself.

"That was agency fee, legal fee and caution — none of it comes back"

high likelihood

The landlord or agent characterises most of what the tenant paid as non-refundable fees rather than as a refundable caution deposit.

What answers it

Ask for the breakdown in writing and compare it with the tenancy agreement and the receipts you were given at the time. Whatever was described as a caution or security deposit when you paid it is refundable on the terms of the agreement, and cannot be retrospectively renamed. Where the sums were never itemised at all, that is the landlord’s problem, not yours.

Tenancy Law 2011 (Lagos State), s. 4 — s. 4 (unlawful for a landlord to demand or receive from a sitting tenant more than six months’ rent from a monthly tenant or one year’s rent from a yearly tenant)

"We are still working out the costs"

high likelihood

The landlord holds the whole deposit indefinitely while quotes, invoices or utility bills are said to be pending.

What answers it

The statutory return period exists precisely so the landlord can obtain quotes and final bills inside it. It does not restart because they left it late, and it does not licence holding the whole deposit against one unquantified item. Ask them to return everything not genuinely in issue now, and to quantify the rest by a stated date.

"The property needed cleaning and redecorating"

high likelihood

The landlord charges for cleaning, carpet wear, scuffed paint or tired fittings and treats the deposit as a refurbishment fund.

What answers it

Fair wear and tear from ordinary use is not a recoverable loss in any of the regimes this product covers — a deduction must reflect damage or a breach beyond ordinary use, must be evidenced, and must be reduced for the age and remaining life of the item. Ask for the invoice, the check-in and check-out evidence, and the calculation.

"Prove you did not cause it"

high likelihood

The landlord asserts damage and expects the tenant to disprove it, often without a check-in inventory.

What answers it

It is the party seeking to keep the money who must justify keeping it. Where there is no dated check-in record to compare against, an adjudicator has nothing to measure the alleged damage from, and the deduction generally fails on that ground alone.

Where to take it next

  1. Written demand to the landlord or agentDemand the caution fee and an itemised account of anything withheld, with receipts. Where an unlawful advance was demanded, say so and cite s. 4.Claim directtypically 14 days
  2. Magistrate’s Court with tenancy jurisdiction (or the High Court of Lagos State)Binding on themThe Tenancy Law gives the Magistrate’s Court jurisdiction over tenancy claims within its limits, and the High Court above them. Take the agreement, the receipts and the written demand.Courttypically 180 days
  3. Lagos State Real Estate Regulatory Authority (LASRERA)Where an estate agent is involved, LASRERA regulates and registers agents in Lagos State and takes complaints about them. An agent’s registration is worth more to them than your deposit.Regulator

Documents

What this regime can produce.

Every one of these is a document you send yourself, in your own name. Duesday never writes to anybody on your behalf and is never anyone’s agent.

The same claim type elsewhere

Albania — rental deposit (Kodi Civil (Civil Code), qiraja)ALNationalAlbaniaKodi Civil (Civil Code), qirajaConfidence: lowAustria — rental deposit (Allgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (ABGB) § 16b, and the Mietrechtsgesetz (MRG))ATNationalAustriaAllgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (ABGB) § 16b, and the Mietrechtsgesetz (MRG)Confidence: lowBelgium — rental deposit (Regional housing codes: Vlaams Woninghuurdecreet, Décret wallon relatif au bail d’habitation, Code bruxellois du Logement)BENationalBelgiumRegional housing codes: Vlaams Woninghuurdecreet, Décret wallon relatif au bail d’habitation, Code bruxellois du LogementConfidence: lowBosnia and Herzegovina — rental deposit (The law of obligations of the relevant entity (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina or Republika Srpska) and the applicable housing legislation)BANationalBosnia & HerzegovinaThe law of obligations of the relevant entity (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina or Republika Srpska) and the applicable housing legislationConfidence: lowBulgaria — rental deposit (Закон за задълженията и договорите (Obligations and Contracts Act), наем)BGNationalBulgariaЗакон за задълженията и договорите (Obligations and Contracts Act), наемConfidence: lowCroatia — rental deposit (Zakon o najmu stanova and the Zakon o obveznim odnosima)HRNationalCroatiaZakon o najmu stanova and the Zakon o obveznim odnosimaConfidence: lowCyprus — rental deposit (Rent Control Law of 1983 (23/1983) for controlled tenancies, and the general law of contract)CYNationalCyprusRent Control Law of 1983 (23/1983) for controlled tenancies, and the general law of contractConfidence: lowCzechia — jistota / kauce (Občanský zákoník § 2254)CZNationalCzechiaObčanský zákoník (89/2012 Sb.), § 2254Confidence: high

Other rights in the same countries

Does this one reach your facts?

The engine runs every regime that could apply at once and reconciles them, rather than making you guess which page to read.

Not a law firm. Not legal advice. You send it yourself. This page describes a law; it is not advice about your situation and no outcome is promised.